One of the biggest unknowns when facing criminal charges is what really happens during a trial. Court procedures can seem confusing at first especially if it is your first time in a courtroom. Understanding the general steps of a criminal trial can help you feel more prepared and focused to work with your legal team.
Jury Selection And Pretrial Motions
Before the trial begins, the court will go through a process called jury selection. Potential jurors are asked questions to determine whether they can fairly decide the case. Both the prosecution and the defense have the opportunity to ask questions and request that certain individuals be removed from the jury pool.
At this stage, your attorney may also argue pretrial motions. These can involve asking the court to exclude certain evidence, dismiss specific charges, or limit what the prosecution can present at trial. These motions are often based on constitutional rights or legal procedures that were not properly followed.
Opening Statements From Both Sides
Once the jury is selected, the trial begins with opening statements. This is when the prosecution and the defense each explain what they believe the evidence will show. It is not the time for arguments, but rather a way to give the jury a preview of the case.
The prosecution speaks first, since they carry the burden of proof. The defense follows with their own opening statement or may choose to wait until later in the trial to speak directly to the jury.
Presentation Of Evidence And Witnesses
After opening statements, the prosecution begins presenting its case. This may include calling witnesses, introducing physical evidence, and submitting documents or photos. Each time a witness testifies, the defense has a chance to cross examine them.
When the prosecution is done, the defense has the opportunity to present its own evidence. In some cases, the defense may choose not to call any witnesses, especially if the prosecution has not proven its case. The defendant is never required to testify, and the jury is not allowed to assume guilt based on that decision.
Closing Arguments And Jury Instructions
Once both sides have presented their evidence, they give closing arguments. This is the final chance to speak directly to the jury and explain why the evidence does or does not support a conviction. Both sides try to summarize their strongest points and highlight any gaps or issues in the other side’s case.
After closing arguments, the judge gives the jury instructions about applying the law to the facts of the case. The jury then moves into deliberation to decide whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty.
The Verdict And What Comes Next
The jury’s decision must be unanimous in criminal trials. If they reach a verdict, it is announced in court. If they cannot agree, the judge may declare a mistrial. A guilty verdict can lead to a sentencing hearing, while a not guilty verdict means the defendant is cleared of the charge.
Attorneys like those at Archambault Criminal Defense can attest to how important each stage of a trial is. The smallest detail can shift a case, which is why legal preparation, timing, and communication are critical.
Working with a criminal defense lawyer gives you a better chance to understand the process and protect your rights every step of the way. Trials are challenging, but you do not have to face them alone.